John Chapman, better known as Johnny Appleseed, originated the "Autumnal 95/95/1.45" rule which states: Ninety-five percent of the leaves from ninety-five percent of the species of deciduous trees native to North America will land on a spot on the ground that is within a radius equal to 1.45 percent of the distance from the ground to the point from which the leaf fall the center of the radius being the point directly below the point from which the leaf fell. Numerous studies have confirmed Chapman's calculations.